Microgale talazaci is endemic to Madagascar as are all members of the genus Microgale.
Microgale talazaci occurs in the northern highlands, eastern humid forest and central highlands of N, E and SE Madagascar.
The species has a broad altitudinal range, from lowland to sclerophyllous montane forest, at altitudes of between 100 and 2,300m asl. Subfossils of this species have been recorded from Holocene caves in the extreme north of Madagascar (MacPhee, 1987).
This species is terrestrial and scansorial, spending much of its time foraging amongst leaf litter, fallen branches and roots on the forest floor, with studies in captivity showing that the animal is a good climber, capable of climbing and jumping amongst branches (Eisenberg and Gould, 1970).